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[玩具标准] ISO8124

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发表于 2012-11-3 09:11 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
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本帖最后由 哥哥在家 于 2012-11-3 09:29 编辑
3 c- D9 w+ g7 j1 Y4 P
5 I! m0 `( h0 [% Z% ]ISO 8124-1 AMD-2 2011 Draft8 W1 y  @& ^4 B: X2 A2 I. u
ISO 8124-1 AMD-1 2011 Draft) C# G2 Y, _- M- ?! ^5 j
, J) ^" F# i  {/ V& a( x

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发表于 2012-11-4 18:52 | 显示全部楼层
期待正式版! ISO 8124-1:20129 r6 @+ o8 P  k
http://www.iso.org/iso/home/stor ... .htm?csnumber=62327
发表于 2012-11-8 16:47 | 显示全部楼层
更新哪些内容呀?
 楼主| 发表于 2012-11-12 08:51 | 显示全部楼层
Contents Page) f  @6 H' i" C  ^9 r  U
3 Terms and definitions ...........................................................................................................................3, O* p& i' D9 k! U" F% g, `+ s
4 Requirements........................................................................................................................................3
4 K% l& Q/ F% I  s4 z4.30 Magnets and magnetic components....................................................................................................3: M3 B" D! G0 o  O/ n2 i% x7 N
4.30.1 Magnetic/electrical experimental sets intended for children over 8 years......................................3; @& U4 z2 n; M5 W' V
4.30.2 Toys other than magnetic/electrical experimental sets intended for children over 8 years..........4
3 k* F2 n- v7 ^3 R8 n5 Test methods.........................................................................................................................................48 K7 G9 \; J+ X  g' Q* j" t
5.31 Tension test for magnets......................................................................................................................5+ T  e) o/ ]% X$ ]* X8 U& ]( I1 H
5.31.2 Toys with magnet(s) or magnetic component(s)..................................................................................5
* i1 r. ]: v  `  I6 K5.31.3 Toys that contain one magnet only and a mating metal component...............................................5
. I3 z! t, V1 V8 T5.31.4 Toys that contain one magnet only and no mating metal component.............................................5
$ n' C5 A* u5 D% l5.32 Magnetic flux index...............................................................................................................................6
, g4 C& E$ d+ L4 x5.32.1 Principle.................................................................................................................................................6+ U. C+ m& m3 r: }! a, f! l' ]
5.32.2 Apparatus ..............................................................................................................................................6  b8 m9 y& @* A+ M4 x6 p
5.32.3 Procedure ..............................................................................................................................................6
, ~- V4 z; a' G4 l( Z( }5.32.4 Calculation of magnetic flux index ......................................................................................................7
- O$ P: @# e! g" e* |; y3 ]5.33 Cycling ...................................................................................................................................................73 ~4 Z# n: G: k5 y% z) D8 @( q1 [, X+ V
5.34 Impact test for magnets ........................................................................................................................7
( D* U5 E7 X. h5.35 Soaking test for magnets......................................................................................................................7
7 s% h# n5 s& L$ |B.2.21 Magnetic/electrical experimental sets for children over 8 years ......................................................8* Z0 [2 Q% ^- z5 v0 w
E.44 Magnets .................................................................................................................................................8

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 楼主| 发表于 2012-11-12 08:52 | 显示全部楼层
3 Terms and definitions
3 q7 u  @/ G! `0 aAdd the following definitions:
/ {1 `5 `( z, g* B3.xx
% l: C! N$ N) z" Zmagnetic component
: p% m: \5 u- j5 _, `! r9 |. jany part of a toy which contains an attached or fully or partially enclosed magnet
4 x" J/ Y( t' L( F6 v( S, ~2 N5 q3.yy, j& g# a& z# B
magnetic/electrical experimental set
# ^" G+ j/ ~/ @- ltoy containing one or more magnets intended for carrying out educational experiments involving both
1 `1 I* @% S) f- k; rmagnetism and electricity  E' f; U$ O8 ^% R
3.zz9 s. }; z& n1 Y7 Z
functional magnet in electrical or electronic components of toys
# J' F3 |% E" [& [any magnet necessary for the function of motors, relays, speakers and other electrical or electronic- d, c5 j; i+ X% W+ g% H5 K
components in a toy where the magnetic properties are not part of the play pattern of the toy
& B# |8 V+ ?8 O: Q" u- E" M4 Requirements0 R  N8 l( @7 |: c( o
Add the following requirements:* V5 `; O3 g" y8 d8 e- B: L; [
4.30 Magnets and magnetic components
& x% u; f( o# g; @See Clause E.44.$ B- |. x* C! T! {: C- K
4.30.1 Magnetic/electrical experimental sets intended for children over 8 years: d9 T- u( C6 o7 ^9 g1 x6 N
Magnetic/electrical experimental sets intended for children 8 years and over that contain magnetic
, s7 G& P. f! U% z* W6 Bcomponents shall carry a warning (see B.2.21 for guidance) if they both:" M7 ~0 w7 T# k0 }9 h) M
- have a magnetic flux index greater than 50kG2mm2 (0,5 T2mm2) when tested according to 5.32 (magnetic
0 J/ g2 l: r2 B; |: P+ s8 V& T$ e+ ^4 ]flux index)- D( F* Y3 r% x: o! J& d% X9 ?; {
- fit entirely in the cylinder when tested according to clause 5.2 (small parts test). b3 M! @/ e! f: Y) B" M& L
NOTE Magnetic/electrical experimental sets intended for children under 8 years shall comply with the requirements in
6 ]" k1 R. I+ n6 O& u. n4 a$ g4.30.2 (toys other than magnetic/electrical experimental sets).
9 I  g- m  C0 {/ Y) Y# lThese requirements do not apply to functional magnets in electrical or electronic components of toys.
 楼主| 发表于 2012-11-12 08:53 | 显示全部楼层
4.30.2 Toys other than magnetic/electrical experimental sets intended for children over 8 years
0 l; u7 [8 E: t' Na) Any loose as received magnet(s) and magnetic component(s) shall either have a magnetic flux index less- \/ t! T9 J( Q) T
than 50 kG2mm2 (0,5 T2mm2) when tested in accordance with 5.32 (magnetic flux index), or shall not fit
, b3 A/ {4 Z, s) H* ~entirely in the cylinder when tested in accordance with 5.2 (small parts test).9 R" W2 m! M' Q' }9 q8 I2 D4 ~
b) Wooden toys, toys intended to be used in water and mouth pieces of mouth-actuated toys with magnets
! k; J1 O9 v. ?5 A3 xor magnetic components shall be tested in in accordance with 5.35 (soaking test for magnets) before
! C6 r+ H0 g0 g! g8 Z6 e6 W3 tbeing tested in accordance with 4.30.2 c) below.
; T: c/ r+ O& c! `) J% z3 g2 Q% ?% nc) The following tests shall be carried out in the prescribed order on all unique magnetic component(s). The% B7 f+ |+ q' v/ L# l
components used for this testing shall not have been previously subjected to normal use and reasonably
* ?2 |0 u6 V2 B) n' g6 v4 U  ~foreseeable abuse tests. Any magnet(s) and magnetic component(s) that become liberated from a toy, or( U( ~6 Q( Q! T% z  j
from a loose as received magnetic component shall either – when tested according to the tests listed* P; @; C7 C/ @( Q% o5 c
below - have a magnetic flux index less than 50 kG2mm2 (0,5 T2mm2) when tested in accordance with
; U  p7 Q3 K" u; ^5.32 (magnetic flux index), or shall not fit entirely in the cylinder when tested according to 5.2 (small parts" X7 @7 j$ r2 N% e& U/ }* T2 Q
test).2 }4 Q- Q6 L) L) Y/ w) m0 B
⎯ 5.33 (cycling)
. d/ G& m8 G, P) d+ H⎯ 5.24.2 (drop test) or if applicable, 5.24.3 (tip over test for large and bulky toys)
( u# G8 X& D) c" Q6 x1 V⎯ 5.24.5 (torque test)6 y5 }5 \8 J& |; d" i1 E/ X+ c
⎯ 5.24.6.1 (tension test, general procedure)7 Q" Y" x7 L" t) A/ C
⎯ 5.24.6.2 (tension test for seams in soft-filled (stuffed) toys and beanbag-type toys), if applicable
4 S+ d+ J$ E* {⎯ 5.34 (impact test for magnets)
9 f$ q. j- \/ J, m; \2 F8 s% b⎯ 5.24.7 (compression test), for magnets that are accessible but cannot be grasped (as specified in) h; T0 b- J/ ~! U& z: E3 \& W
5.24.6.1 (general procedure)
& M) g( Q8 ~5 K7 p2 U0 S* ^⎯ 5.31 (tension test for magnets))6 v; L! Y2 r0 F* `* j. Q
NOTES) ]3 P0 p; N3 S0 r6 v/ x8 C
1 Examples of unique magnetic components are rods of different sizes or shapes containing magnets.6 E7 O7 |8 q8 `. a
2 If the toy contains one magnet, the component holding the magnet is considered to be a unique component.9 S: m' M0 n/ C" O6 G$ ?3 y
3 An example of a magnet that is accessible but cannot be grasped is a magnet that is recessed.
/ S# k; F. S) ^2 MThese requirements do not apply to functional magnets in electrical or electronic components of toys
  J9 I  Y2 I! g% L% j5 Test methods
2 q/ e) c2 Y) M( y6 X$ iReplace the second paragraph of clause 5.14 (impact test for toys that cover the face) with the following:7 z: Q' u! K* N1 n& t
Drop a steel ball of diameter (16 ± 0,15) mm and mass of (16,9 ± 0,7) g from a height of (130 ± 0,5) cm onto/ s" q4 ]  N. v/ X
the horizontal upper surface of the toy in the area that would cover the eyes in normal use.. N/ J3 |6 Z+ P# c6 W; g
Add the following new note to clause 5.24.1 (reasonably foreseeable abuse tests, general)
: K! Q+ K( c  t& ~( d. XNOTE: The tests according to clause 4.30.2 are carried out in the order specified in the clause, on a toy or
# X/ n2 y, |1 }: {9 F; Ppart of a toy that has not been previously tested according to this clause.
3 W( `/ B" O+ ?* ~# h% BAdd the following test methods:3 ?' V8 M" Z+ Q, J/ S0 Y. ]" s3 q
--`,`,``,,`,```,```,,````,,`,,`-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
 楼主| 发表于 2012-11-12 08:53 | 显示全部楼层
5.31 Tension test for magnets; ^& H$ `) M; {( g& n7 d3 E( W
See 4.30.2 c).
+ X* l* o( O) c, ?5.31.1 Principle
3 T* x: l! g& \! z" ?& \3 lThese tests simulate the intended or reasonably foreseeable play pattern. It is recognized that toys may, g/ N1 s8 ^' ~+ Y
contain a single magnet or a combination of magnets, magnetic components and/or metal mating parts and0 g5 O& l! J, U  C6 c$ [; ~- ^
the tests are designed to simulate a reasonably foreseeable play pattern using these components to attach
1 k- X- ^8 q" T5 p/ k% _and detach the magnetic parts.
9 B6 O6 Q+ L% |$ A7 lFor toys that contain more than one magnet/ magnetic component, the test specified in 5.31.2 (toys with2 Z: [3 D+ X5 ]* h$ u
magnet(s) or magnetic component(s)) shall be carried out unless it is not possible to perform the test without
; f3 T6 h/ T$ a' t/ W' I9 F7 [6 ndamaging the toy. In the latter case, the test shall be carried out using the reference disk, as described in
, ]- r( |! ]+ b6 M& a$ Z5 T$ ~5.31.4 (toys that contain one magnet only and no mating metal component).7 o0 X9 e3 B* g+ {
NOTE: An example of a case where it is not possible to perform the test in 5.31.2 with magnet(s) or magnetic3 k! q- b0 M- n3 Y( I
component(s) without damaging the toy, is a toy figurine with one accessible but non-graspable magnet in each foot.
/ T  Y  m8 H4 h6 NToys that contain one magnet only and a mating metal component shall be tested according to 5.31.3 (toys
4 M: U* f) s! ~6 Q/ ]1 xthat contain one magnet only and a mating metal part).
# R) T" ?9 \+ M  ZToys that contain one magnet only and no mating metal component, shall be tested according to 5.31.4 (toys1 E' d  y( `1 X$ t$ C/ ]
that contain one magnet only and no mating metal component), since this simulates a play pattern where the
7 O& ~& W- T+ g# g& M1 Otoy is attached and detached to a surface that is not delivered with the toy.3 i( t) `# o5 J6 c3 U
5.31.2 Toys with magnet(s) or magnetic component(s)" ~- a4 ~4 z# c/ K: U; y- T6 e
Identify the magnet or magnetic component in the toy that is most likely to be able to detach. The identified% X& s9 p% u: U9 p; L8 ^# l
magnet or magnetic component shall be subjected to the tension test for magnets.' U, {5 B3 z/ x2 G
If it is not possible to determine which magnet or magnetic component(s) in the toy is most likely to be able to' r- D0 E* ?* t" Q& T. E5 Y
detach the magnet under test, it is permissible to repeat the test with another magnet or magnetic component9 c8 l' O$ }  R8 c
from the toy.8 Z4 e1 I' A6 _2 `) G  W* L
Without damaging the toy, place the magnet or magnetic component in the orientation of attraction, as close1 I( a0 ?1 h- I  W, w, S1 g1 v
as possible, making contact if possible, to the magnet to be tested. Gradually apply a pulling force to the
7 I$ a  e- \; tmagnet/magnetic component until it separates from the magnet under test. Perform the test 10 times or until" O: x* [8 i" k
the magnet under test is detached from the toy, whichever occurs first.' J, ^6 ?, M# Y# R$ L% k$ o$ g- M
Repeat the procedure for any other magnet that in accordance with 4.31.2 (toys other than magnetic/electrical
) X7 Q  M0 e: Hexperimental sets intended for children over 8 years) shall be subjected to the tension test for magnets.  ?2 X) Q8 o0 l7 P( e
5.31.3 Toys that contain one magnet only and a mating metal component
, N. t: @2 I- |0 K0 IWithout damaging the toy, place the metal components as close as possible, making contact if possible, to the
  i2 I! @3 d) z! I" }) J( omagnet to be tested. Gradually apply a pulling force to the metal component until it separates from the: z8 Z4 D  b, H2 G- k
magnet under test. Perform the test 10 times or until the magnet under test is detached from the toy,
3 d6 W/ D% w  n( \/ iwhichever occurs first.  _( S: Y3 R' F6 S
5.31.4 Toys that contain one magnet only and no mating metal component: N, ]8 D( n& U
5.31.4.1 Apparatus
8 Z2 {. t! l; \; o3 ^- UNickel disc with a minimum nickel content of 99 %, and having the following dimensions:' z3 H: @: x3 l9 Q
- diameter: (30 ± 0.5) mm' p2 O; l5 y7 F$ Z+ U. T; y/ Y
- thickness: (10 ± 0.5) mm
 楼主| 发表于 2012-11-12 08:53 | 显示全部楼层
5.31.4.2 Procedure9 M$ ]: a8 G7 Z
Without damaging the toy, place the flat part of the disc as close as possible, making contact if possible, to the
8 i, D  R' O% f! ]magnet to be tested. Gradually apply a pulling force to the disc until it separates from the magnet under test.
3 D' a, B6 g* E% Z' M8 gPerform the test 10 times or until the magnet under test is detached from the toy, whichever occurs first.
, D4 J4 G) E, B5 r, D/ t5.32 Magnetic flux index
) V2 f. `( u; }3 w% [See 4.30.1, 4.31.2 a) and c).
# ^9 F( B2 ~0 I- c6 r1 z7 B5 a5.32.1 Principle
. _" m( H, q+ C1 S7 p- LThe magnetic flux index is calculated based on the results from measurements of the flux density and the pole
0 m: Q) `: a0 f" f2 Msurface area.: C& l& ]; R& E! h
5.32.2 Apparatus6 ]8 i- r; f, A2 O4 ~
5.32.2.1 Direct current field Gauss meter, capable of determining the field to an accuracy of 5 G.
8 H( ]0 O9 L" ~$ {The meter shall have an axial type probe with/ K6 l, m; H2 `5 m
- an active area diameter of (0,76 ± 0,13) mm7 p5 r/ T% r0 p
- a distance between the active area and probe tip of (0,38 ± 0,13) mm' z; z9 s7 D) S$ b
5.32.2.2 Calliper, or similar device with an accuracy of 0,1 mm.- p) z& b( I/ u  e8 M! Q$ h" |7 X' }
5.32.3 Procedure
5 D/ S: _& M4 _# B5.32.3.1 Measurement of flux density
3 K% p1 ?; Z4 |. P" |! g. NIdentify the surface of the magnet that is the pole.
* Y- ~5 f: B4 Y4 O6 U: x: CPlace the tip of the Gauss meter probe in contact with the pole surface of the magnet. For a magnetic
( @9 A2 I" \2 ^# ycomponent (where the magnet is fully or partially imbedded in part of the toy), place the tip of the probe in
( k! P" r$ ]+ g8 Jcontact with the surface of the component.. n3 p2 r! c; [6 k7 Y/ t
Maintain the probe in a position perpendicular to the surface.# e" [4 `6 ]3 a8 F
Move the probe across the surface to locate the maximum absolute value of the flux density. Record the
2 L2 r6 k$ [) z4 h; ~8 w; j# N& V3 cmaximum absolute value of the flux density.+ z5 i( \; K) `6 m% w/ _
NOTE Since the meter can read both negative and positive values, the absolute value is used for calculations.4 L: k4 I) I6 @: K
5.32.3.2 Measurement and calculation of the pole surface area0 _5 A) V1 i. B
If the magnet is imbedded/attached as part of a magnetic component, extract the magnet from the component,
: ~; U( F/ q( m) {% ?, x/ Oeven if it is necessary to break the toy., X7 N1 s, {! n! X
If the pole surface of the magnet is flat, measure the dimensions with an accuracy of ± 0,1 mm and calculate
5 E. r) C% Z2 o7 `" {  wthe area using the appropriate geometric formula.% t# A" a. D! w0 [' S1 l! t
If the pole is not flat, (for example hemispherical) measure the maximum diameter of the magnet
0 Z& f& A7 K/ s4 ?3 h+ hperpendicular to an axis through the magnetic poles (see Figure XX), with an accuracy of ± 0,1 mm and
% @" u: Q- c, {5 gcalculate the area of the corresponding cross section. For multi-pole magnets, measure and calculate the
$ u% y6 W8 a$ ~! }2 Y$ Tarea of the largest single pole, which can be identified using magnetic field viewing film or equivalent.
 楼主| 发表于 2012-11-12 08:54 | 显示全部楼层
NOTE An example of a multi-pole magnet is a rubberized/plastoferrite magnet, consisting of multiple strips or poles.3 S5 u0 B4 `% {4 p! K$ T
Figure XX – Maximum diameter of magnet with a non-flat pole: w& T6 s, {! W! c& o2 c9 t
Key
0 g: x1 U& ]1 N( h: @4 ]/ m! t1 maximum cross-section perpendicular to the axis0 O7 \/ k( I' L# j
2 axis through the magnet poles5 R& D9 g3 y3 U. E! U9 I
5.32.4 Calculation of magnetic flux index
+ q0 H2 o. V  z, e* i. yThe flux index (kG2mm2) is calculated by multiplying the calculated area of the pole surface (mm2) of the
9 A8 Y0 i/ O/ i. Rmagnet by the square of the maximum flux density (kG2).
+ _9 b: e8 K4 h+ Y; ^5.33 Cycling* A0 U& Y: |9 O
See 4.32.2 c).
, D, P6 U4 m) ?  j2 D+ v) UTen cycles as described below, shall be performed on the as-received magnet(s) or magnetic component(s).
1 i' J! H4 n  L1 H8 b( \The magnet or magnetic component shall be brought together to a distance that initiates magnetic attraction,- I' g( y# ~) c# ]
be released, and then pulled apart to the distance where magnetic attraction ceases. Each attachment and& o( z  t  {: h7 ?  O/ Z6 O9 A
detachment shall count as one cycle. If no other magnets or magnetic components are provided with the toy,
) S9 f- K& Z4 g0 A# uthe mating metal part or surface, according to the toy’s intended play pattern, shall be used for cycling0 I' H6 j  i3 G. Y8 V( u
purposes. If no other metal parts or surfaces are provided with the toy, the apparatus described in 5.31.4 shall
, U# R3 d& ^0 S! A2 h7 s* A3 d/ ]4 Dbe used for cycling purposes.- s( A# U. x) N8 q  i% W# R8 I
5.34 Impact test for magnets. p1 l0 t% L- P1 {; f0 F
See 4.32.2 c).: g% m+ T# H! H! K
Place the relevant component of the toy in the most onerous position on a plane horizontal steel surface and
9 O5 ?! ~! U( e6 @- r' adrop a metallic weight with a mass of (1 ± 0,02) kg, distributed over a diameter of (80 ± 2) mm, through a) x8 \, L2 Y# q
distance of (100 ± 2) mm onto the toy.4 Y5 J9 I6 U/ i# n( e( F
Determine whether any liberated magnets or magnetic components fit entirely in the cylinder when tested in, O: \  J, k" d6 E# v  T9 p
accordance with 5.2 (small parts test).
% X3 `* \! F  x3 d+ a& ]5 t8 {5.35 Soaking test for magnets
2 U4 u% s  w  @, l' v; T( BSee 4.30.2 b).# H0 g- W1 k9 T
Submerge the toy or toy component completely in a container of demineralised water at a temperature of (20$ X+ |- a- i# Y! W) A
± 5) °C for 4 min. Remove the toy, shake off the excess water and keep the toy at room temperature for 10' z0 \' N' e8 u# q% [& V' i
min.
% {7 X) X; J  Q( {--`,`,``,,`,```,```,,````,,`,,`-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
 楼主| 发表于 2012-11-12 08:54 | 显示全部楼层
Perform the soaking test for a total of four cycles.$ y& y8 x- J! G
Immediately after the last cycle, determine whether any liberated magnets or magnetic components fit entirely. p9 J& m9 Q. Y1 Q1 ^/ _
in the cylinder when tested in accordance with 5.2 (small parts test).
/ C- U  w' O- K9 P) X5 sAnnex B Labelling2 F% I1 X& k+ O' n2 X
Add the following clause:4 G' u! U- r# I+ b$ C' A
B.2.21 Magnetic/electrical experimental sets for children over 8 years& }" P% G7 g( v$ z7 P" K
See 4.30.1 and E.44)" ^# V# |$ i( j% a
The packaging and the instructions for use of magnetic/electrical experimental sets intended for children 8
( X" h% y0 O( P* Q- ayears of age or older shall carry a statement comparable or similar to the following.9 [) F* U4 ]6 l  V
“WARNING! Not suitable for children under 8 years. This product contains (a) small magnet(s).
" r# a. M/ M; x" p- dSwallowed magnets can stick together across intestines causing serious infections and death. Seek
. B& O8 ]& i/ f1 K  t) o$ B  W5 [9 jimmediate medical attention if magnet(s) are swallowed or inhaled.”3 s6 O% c/ T& }7 J
Annex E Rationale
5 o: E4 q; v" M, M8 I" Q2 s/ hAdd the following clause:
6 X% s3 ~$ r- M8 I: b: mE.44 Magnets& t" H' Q( q% I: A
See 4.30.
6 X; i& F3 V4 q4 \1 V$ f. X$ {, ^' gThese requirements are intended to address the hazards associated with ingestion of strong magnets (e.g.
5 u' h5 Q# k) N$ Qneodymium iron boron type magnets (“NIB”)), that are capable of causing intestinal perforation or blockage.( d+ a5 @* n8 U* G
These hazards are additional to those associated with small parts such as suffocation or asphyxiation (see
* R. X8 G, ?8 ]. W- X- tE.6). These requirements apply regardless of the age of the intended user.# a5 d: Z1 X- J) ]2 {. K* s; e
Magnets found by children can be ingested. If more than one magnet, or one magnet and a ferromagnetic
6 {( [; Y  b; R% Cobject (for example an iron or nickel object) is ingested, the objects can attract each other across intestinal( X1 t: h, g4 A4 x7 R- t: G
walls and cause perforation or blockage, which can cause severe injuries that may be fatal.
5 }  p( y$ O6 ~7 m. eMultiple incidents, including at least one fatality, have been reported involving ingestion of magnets resulting0 z- x9 ?( O4 a0 E) T6 O
in perforation or blockage of the intestines. These incidents have involved children younger and older than 3
2 B% u/ N; O9 c* l% C7 byears of age. Medical signs associated with intestinal perforation or blockage can easily be misinterpreted
2 l3 O) t/ ^4 |: xsince many children exhibit only flu-like symptoms. Such misinterpretations have caused delays in the medical% k6 {# n) L3 A! a8 F8 F% |
treatment and led to serious consequences for children.' Z; A+ |, X+ J
For the purpose of this standard, magnets or magnetic components that could be ingested are identified using
% ]# {* P; ]- v  N7 qthe small parts cylinder. The small parts cylinder was originally designed to identify small parts in toys, k/ J$ m* Y. ?& Y% h5 t
intended for children under 3 years of age, which are capable of causing suffocation or asphyxiation. It was$ z" y& X! r( k8 C3 k+ n4 @
not designed for identifying objects that can be ingested by older children. The decision to use the small parts% g6 z' P9 A, x, t' z9 t8 o
cylinder also for assessment of magnets or magnetic components that can be ingested was made for practical0 y* z( S4 O# f5 F3 f
reasons: The cylinder is a well known test template and it provides a safety margin since the magnets and
4 Z* J9 i! B* P3 z4 ~8 K+ t; Qmagnetic components that have been involved in incidents all fit into the cylinder with a large margin. This
/ J# G  Z* L# Rsame principle has been applied in the requirements for expanding materials.( U! J2 X. O7 D. ^1 Q; s, Q9 [
The risk of magnets attracting each other across intestinal walls is a function of magnet strength. A limit value" q8 A5 G8 X+ W9 Q- Q* I6 V
in the form of a magnetic flux index has been introduced to define what a sufficiently weak magnet is. Analysis+ N9 }. s+ w8 X: y9 i2 }, \
of the data indicates that only the small, powerful NIB type magnets have been involved in the known& Y$ v6 P  f' e( F9 W! V1 l6 B
incidents. Further analysis has determined that magnets with a magnetic flux index less than 50 kG2mm2 (0,5+ R& B  [' C4 I
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