5V的材料是用在什么产品什么场合的？

wangwang

广东安规检测
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目前主要接触的是V同HB的材料
想了解一下5V的材料是用在什么产品什么场合的？

wangwang

高手请进来指教下

final_72

塑料阻燃等级V-0，V-1，V-2及HB的定义
# S0 ~, P5 F3 r% m4 x! G, X塑料阻燃等级由V-0，V-1，V-2向HB逐级递减：
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5 _4 T/ B, I* q& N$ D, gV-0：对样品进行两次10秒的燃烧测试后，火焰在30秒内熄灭。不能有燃烧物掉下。
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3 V0 ]7 E: D. W$ U, N) WV-1：对样品进行两次10秒的燃烧测试后，火焰在60秒内熄灭。不能有燃烧物掉下。
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- j- Y* o. h1 [7 S7 F/ e. ?V-2：对样品进行两次10秒的燃烧测试后，火焰在60秒内熄灭。可以有燃烧物掉下。

7 a- e3 \: U- T7 d; n( r" w# CHB：UL94和CSA C22.2 No 0.17标准中最底的阻燃等级。要求对于3到13 毫米厚的样品，燃烧速度小于40毫米每分钟；小于3毫米厚的样品，燃烧速度小于70毫米每分钟；或者在100毫米的标志前熄灭。

yzyjy

5V的材料还没有听过,期待中...

pwong03492

以下摘自UL网站 http://www.ul.com/plastics/flame.html
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UL 94 flammability testing
There are two types of pre-selection test programs conducted on plastic materials to measure flammability characteristics. The first determines the material’s tendency either to extinguish or to spread the flame once the specimen has been ignited. The first program is described in UL 94, The Standard for Flammability of Plastic Materials for Parts in Devices and Appliances, which is now harmonized with IEC 60707, 60695-11-10 and 60695-11-20 and ISO 9772 and 9773.

( s0 e( k# y) l; u8 c) @! h4 B6 GThe second test program measures the ignition resistance of the plastic to electrical ignition sources. The material’s resistance to ignition and surface tracking characteristics is described in UL 746A, which is similar to the test procedures described in IEC 60112, 60695 and 60950.
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UL 94 flame classifications
There are 12 flame classifications specified in UL 94 that are assigned to materials based on the results of these small-scale flame tests. These classifications, listed below in descending order of flammability, are used to distinguish a material’s burning characteristics after test specimens have been exposed to a specified test flame under controlled laboratory conditions.
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0 e+ H! s8 _# f$ t5 ~Six of the classifications relate to materials commonly used in manufacturing enclosures, structural parts and insulators found in consumer electronic products (5VA, 5VB, V-0, V-1, V-2, HB).
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$ x, d% h0 W; L0 xThree of the remaining six classifications relate to low-density foam materials commonly used in fabricating speaker grills and sound-deadening material (HF-1, HF-2, HBF).
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8 E& ~, j# G  U, D4 i) _- uThe last three classifications are assigned to very thin films, generally not capable of supporting themselves in a horizontal position (VTM-0, VTM-1, VTM-2). These are usually assigned to substrates on flexible printed circuit boards.
- \, O( _' L9 w# c8 z$ W2 KHorizontal versus vertical positioning
9 j# c7 k" i% j* CSpecimens molded from the plastic material are oriented in either a horizontal or vertical position, depending on the specifications of the relevant test method, and are subjected to a defined flame ignition source for a specified period of time. In some tests, the test flame is only applied once, as is the case of the horizontal burning (HB) test, while in other tests the flame is applied twice or more.
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# l1 r: l* l6 c5 _: Z2 U* L3 zA HB flame rating indicates that the material was tested in a horizontal position and found to burn at a rate less than a specified maximum.
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5 \+ e% C- Y) `, d# L: R5 ]The three vertical ratings, V2, V1 and V0 indicate that the material was tested in a vertical position and self-extinguished within a specified time after the ignition source was removed. The vertical ratings also indicate whether the test specimen dripped flaming particles that ignited a cotton indicator located below the sample. UL 94 also describes a method in which the test flame is applied for up to five applications, in testing for a 5VA or 5VB classification. These small-scale tests measure the propensity of a material to extinguish or spread flames once it becomes ignited.
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Difference in test methods and criteria
When looking at the flame ratings for plastic materials commonly molded to fabricate enclosures, structural parts and insulators found in consumer electronic products (5VA, 5VB, V-0, V-1, V-2 and HB), a material classified as 5VA or 5VB is subjected to a flame ignition source that is approximately five times more severe than that used in the HB, V-0, V-1 and V-2 tests, and the specimens may not drip any flaming particles. The three remaining six classifications specified in UL 94 relate to low-density foam materials commonly used in fabricating speaker grills and sound-deadening material (HF-1, HF-2, HBF). The remaining three classifications are assigned to very thin films, generally not capable of supporting themselves in a horizontal position (VTM-0, VTM-1, VTM-2).

UL 746A ignition tests
" L/ B  q1 f3 GIn addition to flammability considerations, a material's ability to resist ignition from electrical sources is another important factor that must be considered in the selection and evaluation of a material for use in electrical equipment. Possible electrical ignition sources in equipment are: overloaded (overheated) electrical conductors and components; arcing parts, such as the open contacts of switches and relays; and arcing at broken or loose connections, e.g., splices or terminals. Polymeric materials in direct contact with or in close proximity to overloaded or arcing electrical parts could ignite.

! h; Z+ N3 v$ x  y+ sThe three basic tests used to evaluate a material's ability to resist ignition are the Hot-Wire Ignition (HWI) High-Current (or High-Amp) Arc Ignition (HAI); and High-Voltage Arc Tracking Rate (HVTR). Details of the test criteria can be found in UL 746A, The Standard for Polymeric Materials - Short-Term Evaluations. The Recognized Component Directory tabulates the results of the small-scale tests conducted on the materials.
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The HWI test indicates a material's resistance to ignition when exposed to abnormally high temperatures resulting from a component failure, such as a conductor carrying far more than its rated current. HWI performance is expressed as the mean number of seconds required to ignite a specimen when wrapped with an energized ni-chrome resistive wire that dissipates a specified level of energy.
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; O9 p3 X, b1 a2 R6 `, w! v/ ]! J1 qThe HAI test determines the material's ability to withstand electrical arcing either directly on or just above the surface of the plastic material. This can occur in the presence of open switch contacts or in the event of the failure of an electrical connection. HAI performance is expressed as the number of arc rupture exposures -- using standardized electrode materials, geometry and electrical supply circuit -- required to ignite a specimen when the arc occurs directly on the surface or a specified distance above the test specimen.

0 @: h% p, k# i. ~! uThe HVTR for a material is expressed as the rate (in inches per minute) that a tracking path can be produced on the surface of the material under standardized test conditions. This test relates to establishment of an electrically conductive path on the surface of a solid, insulated material as a result of electrical stress.

  [1 U  s& U+ u! }! U7 L* \Another ignition test can be applied to measure a material's resistance to ignition property. This test is the Glow-Wire Ignitability Test and is also described in UL 746A and 746C, Polymeric Materials - Use in Electrical Equipment Evaluations. The method is based on a test procedure that is documented in IEC 60695 and specified in numerous IEC end-product specifications, including IEC 60335-1. The test is somewhat similar to the HWI test in that it measures a material's resistance to ignition on application of a heated non-flaming source.

pwong03492

引用第3楼yzyjy于2007-08-10 13:35发表的  :
5V的材料还没有听过,期待中...

分5VA, 和 5VB 两种, 很多塑胶料都有的. 可能你暂时没有需要, 所以没有注意.

wangwang

引用第5楼pwong03492于2007-08-10 13:45发表的  :

6 v* J/ T: I& R* Q+ V: ^, X" i3 i8 L
分5VA, 和 5VB 两种, 很多塑胶料都有的. 可能你暂时没有需要, 所以没有注意.

7 R6 C6 v. G# P8 ?+ r* c相信很多人听说过5V，5V材料通常比V等级要高，测试时用到更大能量的火焰，但我这里想知道的是这个类别的材料的使用场合

pwong03492

引用第6楼wangwang于2007-08-10 14:12发表的  :


相信很多人听说过5V，5V材料通常比V等级要高，测试时用到更大能量的火焰，但我这里想知道的是这个类别的材料的使用场合

. r  _* Q2 E4 k* e# r$ O电气设备塑胶材料的易燃性等级要求, 请参照 UL746C Polymeric materials - Use in electrical equipment evaluations, Table 4.1 Enclosure requirements.
  

; Y$ q3 u/ U. C. q注解如下:
0 n# Z8 ?3 N2 K6 A/ A注解a - HB or the enclosure complies with the 12 mm or 20 mm end-product flame tests as described in section 17 and 18 respectively.
  M; b% K: }2 {5 E2 _注解b - V=V-0, V-1 or V-2 classed materials, or the enclosure complies with the 12 mm or 20 mm end-product flame tests as described in section 17 and 18 respectively. Exception: Use of a HB enclosure material may be acceptable if determined by the applicable requirements in the end-product standard.
8 F  j! @. J. U; q9 g注解c - 5VA or the enclosure complies with the 127 mm end-product flame tests as described in section 19.
% d# \6 J9 D( k/ c, Y注解d - May require flame spread per section 21.

" D% C9 }7 r4 M9 `$ R比如:  有人看管的家用电器 (手持式电钻, 搅拌机及真空吸尘器等)使用HB等级塑胶防护外壳即可.
以上是标准的条文要求

lynn305

实际使用中，出UL的电器极少用到5VA和5VB的塑料，而CUL的风扇，加热电器，负离子发生器等均要用5VA做外壳。

kendy

我以前用过1次，是在做GS时，转换开关的轴芯需要做750℃、850℃的灼热丝测试，当时V-0的材料做750℃时燃烧时间大于2秒，所以需对50mm距离内所有非金属材料进行针焰测试，为了避免不进行针焰测试，就用了5V的材料才过。