尝试翻译UL PAG，欢迎批评指正。

flowme · 发表于 2009-3-16 09:59

广东安规检测
有限公司提供：

这东西真难翻译。。。不过挺有意思，有收获！
能把这东西翻译好，水平就不一般了。

flowme · 发表于 2009-3-16 15:22

期待高手的出现

flowme · 发表于 2009-3-18 09:14

号称5万个会员的安规网应该有人知道UL PAG 吧。
莫非真的没有高手？呵呵。。。。。。。

suuny_yang · 发表于 2009-3-19 17:41

你把里面的内容贴出来啊,下你的东西要扣分

flowme · 发表于 2009-3-24 09:48

1.1-2 Certi?cation policy for ITE reliability/functionality
DESCRIPTION OF ISSUE:
Type of Issue: Certi?cation
On a more frequent basis, Underwriters Laboratories receives submittals of ITE with new
functions that introduce concern from a certi?cation perspective on whether the products’
features other than safety should be included as part of the UL Listing. While the investigation
of these products to UL’s ITE safety standard is straightforward, the determination of whether a
more encompassing reliability investigation is needed typically is more involved, sometimes
delaying the timely certi?cation of the product.
What is the UL certi?cation policy on evaluating ITE for non-safety related considerations?
APPLICATION GUIDELINE:
In general, UL will not investigate the reliability or functionality of ITE unless (a) it clearly falls
under one of our existing product categories that require a reliability investigation (e.g., security,
burglary protection); (b) the manufacturer speci?cally requests a more encompassing reliability
investigation; or (c) there are additional external considerations that mandate that UL conduct a
reliability-based investigation (e.g., required by AHJs).
Determination of the above involves communication between the ITE project handler and the
customer to fully understand the product, its function and its certi?cation drivers, followed by
consultation of the NWGQ Primary Designated Engineer (PDE) by the local Designated
Engineer (DE), as needed. After considering all the factors, the PDE then will make a decision
whether further consultation is needed with the Global Chief Engineer, which should be rare.
Overall, the stated policy will shorten the time needed to consider whether a reliability-based
investigation is needed for products with new features since the great majority of ITE do not
require certi?cation for other than safety when the considerations stated above are applied.
RATIONALE:
Frequently, when manufacturers are questioned about their preference for the scope of their UL
certi?cation of ITE, the manufacturers indicate that they only want UL to investigate their
products for safety (i.e., electric shock, ?re, etc.) and that they do not want their product
investigated for reliability and/or functionality. Typically, their position is that the marketplace will
determine the value of their product in relation to performance as advertised, and that they do
not want the UL certi?cation to demonstrate anything other than that their product is safe.
For example, there are a variety of Internet security products being introduced onto the market.
Traditionally, UL would have a concern that the ITE Listing Mark could represent that the product
performs as advertised, i.e., provides Internet security. However, since most manufacturers do
not want this aspect of the product investigated, and there do not appear to be any external
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NOT AUTHORIZED FOR FURTHER REPRODUCTION OR
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drivers mandating a reliability/functionality investigation for this type of ITE, UL will not consider
applying additional non-safety related requirements to ITE covered under NWGQ unless the
manufacturer wants it or there is some external driver mandating it.
To help formalize this UL certi?cation policy, the NWGQ Guide Information has been revised to
state (under Requirements) that “The ability or reliability of these products to perform their
intended function in a particular application has not been evaluated.”
OTHER:
Comments:
Interpretation Systems: NONE
RELATED APPLICATION GUIDELINE(S): NONE
1.1-2信息技术设备的可靠性、功能性的认证政策
争论描述：
争论类型:
这种情况经常发生,UL接受递交,从认证方面考虑信息设备除了安全意外的功能是否应该包括在UL的列表里面。
相反UL 信息设备的安全标准的考察是容易的的，是否把可靠性实际考虑在内有时候耽误了产品进程。
A:在信息设备非安全方面的考虑，UL的认证政策是怎么样的？

申请指南：
一般，UL不会考察信息设备的可靠性或者功能性，除非
a:产品要求可靠性考察（等等，安全，）
b: 制造商特别要求可靠性考察；
c: 除非有铁别的考虑UL产品的可靠性需要考量。
上述决议包含的信息已经使ITE案子拥有者和客户很好的理解产品。它的功能和认证驱动，是被NWGQ本地签署的主要设计工程师所跟踪的。在考虑到所有因素后，PDE会合全球首席工程师就是否需要进一步协商达成一致，这个应该罕见的。
总体上说，这项这册会缩短产品的可靠性调查和新特征，既然ITE不会需要安全意外的认证，当上路声明被应用到的时候。

原理，
通常，当厂商被问及到他们信息产品的UL证书目的，他们回答他们只想UL考察他们产品的安全（电击、防火等等）别且他们不想他们的产品被考察可靠性或功能方面。很典型，他们的态度是市场会决定产品的广告里表现的价值。并且他们不想UL证明安全方面意外的东西。
例如，有许多不同种类的网络安全产品被推向市场，通常UL会考虑信息设备的列名标记会重现产品在广告里展现的性能。提供网络安全。但是，既然多数厂家不想他们的产品被考察，并且不会有可靠性，功能方面的考察。UL不会去依据NWGQ考虑申请多余非安全相关的要求除非厂商要求或者有其他外部驱动授权。
为了使这个UL证书的政策成型，NWGQ知道信息已经被修改声明“产品的功能和可靠性在这个申请里不会被评估”

flowme · 发表于 2009-3-24 10:23

1.1-3 Certiﬁcation options for power distribution equipment associated with ITE
STANDARD IEC/UL 60950-1
APPLICABILITY UL(C-UL) only
(Sub)CLAUSE/ANNEX NUMBER: 1.1
(Sub)CLAUSE/ANNEX HEADING: Scope
OTHER RELEVANT (Sub)CLAUSES/ANNEXES
(as Applicable):
1.1.2, 1.6.1.2, Annex NAB
DESCRIPTION OF ISSUE:
Type of Issue: Certiﬁcation
A variety of power distribution equipment associated with both a.c. and d.c. power is used with
ITE, including power distribution units, computer power centers, charger/rectiﬁers, and primary
and secondary distribution-related equipment. What standards should be used for this
equipment, and what product categories should it be certiﬁed under?
APPLICATION GUIDELINE:
The two main sets of technical requirements used to investigate power distribution equipment
associated with ITE are (a) IEC/UL 60950-1, First Edition; and (b) UL Subject 1801, Outline of
Investigation for Power Distribution Centers for Communications Equipment. UL 60950-1 is
based on IEC 60950-1. Subject 1801 is based in on (in fact was used in part to develop) Annex
PS-E, DC Power and Distribution Equipment, of proposed IEC 61204-7, Low voltage power
supplies, d.c. output – Part 7: Safety requirements. Subject 1801 requires compliance to IEC/UL
60950 in addition to the supplementary requirements in it.
The three main product categories used to investigate power distribution equipment associated
with ITE are (a) NWGQ/2, Information Technology Equipment, Including Electrical Business
Equipment; (b) QQGQ/2, Power Supplies, Information Technology Equipment, Including
Electrical Business Equipment; and (c) QPQY/2, Power Distribution Centers for
Communications Equipment.
POWER CENTERS FOR IT/COMMUNICATION EQUIPMENT
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References are to Figure NAB.1 of IEC/UL 60950-1 (Figure 1A of Subject 1801).
Applicable category and standard for equipment associated with the speciﬁed part of system:
• Charger/Rectiﬁer: QQGQ/2 and IEC/UL 60950-1.
• Batteries, Discharge Bus, Primary and Secondary Distribution: QPQY and Subject
1801
– typically part of a DC Power Distribution Center
– System/Center may include a QQGQ Charger/Rectiﬁer
• DC Powered ITE: NWGQ and IEC/UL 60950-1
POWER DISTRIBUTION EQUIPMENT FOR USE IN COMPUTER ROOMS
Applicable category and standard for equipment:
• NWGQ/2 and IEC/UL 60950-1
• Limited to equipment installed exclusively in an ITE (computer) room, connected to
a branch circuit, and having output circuits consisting of receptacles or cable
assemblies supplied as part of the equipment. These restrictions are placed on the
allowed equipment because it is not investigated by UL as a separately derived
system (per the NEC Article 645 allowance). Such equipment typically includes stand-
alone power distribution units, computer power centers, and similar equipment for use
in computer rooms. Power distribution equipment, in particular that with an isolation
transformer, used outside of a computer room should be investigated to the applicable
industrial control or distribution transformer standard/category, as appropriate, e.g.,
Unit Substations (YEFR)/UL 1062; Dead Front Switchboards (WEVZ)/UL 891; Dry
Type Transformers (XGNX)/UL 1561, etc. UL’s Industrial Control Equipment group
should be consulted, as appropriate.
POWER DISTRIBUTION UNITS FOR USE IN ITE RACKS AND CABINETS
Applicable category and standard for equipment:
• NWGQ/2 and IEC/UL 60950-1.
Such equipment includes a.c. connected rack mountable power strips and shelves, often similar
to relocatable power taps except for use exclusively with ITE.
RATIONALE:
For many years the only power distribution equipment investigated as ITE were computer power
centers and similar power distribution systems that were intended for installation in computer
rooms. These large systems evolved from the power distribution systems that were originally
integral to large mainframe computers, where a single integral distribution transformers would
supply power to several mainframe bays. However, as computer rooms and computers became
more sophisticated, these power distribution systems were designed into their own cabinets.
This lead to a number of Code-based issues surfacing in the 1980s, in particular whether or not
these systems should be considered separately derived systems. In fact, originally, AHJs were
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requiring NEC Article 250 requirements for separately derived systems to be applied to these
computer power centers. However, eventually Industry was able to have NEC Section 645-15
revised to state “Power systems derived within listed information technology equipment that
supply information technology equipment through receptacles or cable assemblies supplied as
part of the equipment shall not be considered separately derived for purpose of applying Section
250-20(d).” As a result, UL Listed this equipment as ITE, but ONLY for computer room (Article
645) applications. Since IEC/UL 60950-1 does not treat such equipment as separately derived,
distribution equipment with integral transformers used outside of computer rooms should not be
certiﬁed under NWGQ since additional requirements for separately derived systems must be
applied to them and these requirements are not part of IEC/UL 60950-1.
More recently, other power distribution systems associated with communications equipment, in
particular that associated with centralized d.c., have been submitted for certiﬁcation. Several
years ago UL established a product category, QPQY, Power Distribution Centers for
Communications Equipment, speciﬁcally for covering the equipment associated with the primary
and secondary distribution of the centralized d.c. This category requires compliance with IEC/UL
60950 as its base set of requirements, but supplements IEC/UL 60950 with Subject 1801.
Subject 1801 is required because IEC/UL 60950 does NOT include all the needed requirements
to address the safety of constructions such as busbars that distribute very large power levels.
Eventually, it is hoped that proposed IEC 61204-7, Low voltage power supplies, d.c. output –
Part 7: Safety requirements, will be published, including its Annex PS-E, and UL will be able to
adopt this IEC Standard as a U.S. National Standard that explicitly addresses d.c. distribution
equipment.
Charger/Rectiﬁers, which are typically connected to a.c. mains and have characteristics similar
to other large ITE power supplies, may be certiﬁed under QQGQ/2 because of these similarities.
Smaller power strips and power distribution units used exclusively with ITE, which are often
similar to relocatable power taps, but which often have much higher input ratings and may have
both NEMA and non-NEMA power outlets, have traditionally been certiﬁed under NWGQ/2 and
may continue to do so since the requirements in IEC/UL 60950-1 are considered adequate for
certifying these constructions.

1.1-3 信息设备电源分配系统的证书选择
问题类型：认证
在信息设备里有不同种类的跟交流，或直流相关的电源分配系统，包括电源分配系统单体，电脑电源中心，充电器、整流器，还有一次，二次分配设备。这样的设备应该用什么标准，应该分配到哪一种产品类别？

申请指导：.
这两种用来考察电源分配系统的设备的要求应该归属于（a）IEC/UL60950-1,第一版；还有(b) UL目录1801，主要描述了信息设备电源分配系统的考察。UL60950-1 是基于在IEC60950-1.目录1801 是基于在（实际用一部分发展），附录PS-E，直流电源和分配设备，在IEC61204-7被提及到，低电压电源，直流输出-第7部分：安全要求。目录1801要求遵循IEC/UL 60950除非有更多的要求。

这三种主要用来考察电源分配设备产品类别相关的信息是（a）NWGQ/2,信息技术设备，包括电子商务，电子商务设备，（C）QPQY/2J,信息设备电源分配中心。

信息/通信设备给的电源中心
参考图表IEC/UL 60950-1NAB.1(图标目录1801-1A)
系统指定的跟设备相关的应用分类和标准。
充电器/整流器：QQGQ/2 和 IEC/UL60950-1.
电池，车载充电器，一次和二次分配：QPQY和目录1801
直流电源分配中心
系统/中心或许包括QQGQ 充电器/整流器
直流供电的信息设备：NWGQ 和IEC/UL 60950-1

电脑房里用的电源分配设备。
应用分类和设备的标准：
NQGQ/2 和 IEC/UL60950-1
限于设备安装只在一个电脑房间，跟分支电路相连，并且有输出电路。这些限制被放在允许的设备上面因为他不被UL所考量作为单独源自系统（根据国家电工委员会645决议）。这样的设备特别包括电源分配系统，电脑电源中心，和电脑房里用的简单设备。电源飞陪设备，特别是变压器，电脑房外用应该被考量或者分配变压器标准/类别，单体分局。转换板；干燥转换器（XGNX）/ul1561,等等，UL的工业控制设备

信息设备支架和柜子里面的电源分配单体
应用类别和设备的标准。
-NWGQ/2 和 IEC/UL 60950-1.
类似内置在电源架子里面的直流设备，常常被划分为电源类，除非特别化为信息类设备。

基本原理：
许多年以来，被认为是信息类设备的电源分配设备仅仅是计算机电源中心和简单的电源分配系统。许多大型系统囊括了电源分配系统和原始整合的大型主机电脑。单体的整体所需的分配变压器会给许多刀片主机供电。但是，向电脑机房和电脑变得更精密，这些电源分配系统被设计安置在格子里。导致90年代许多问题，铁别是是否这些系统应该被划分在系统之外。事实上最初AHHS要求国际电泳委员为250项要求中吧这种电源分配系统划分出来。但是事实向工厂能把国际电工远非地645-15“那些给信息设备供电的被划分到信息技术设备里面的电源系统或者是设备的电线分配不应该被分离出来”。结果UL把这些设备列为信息类设备，但仅仅是那些应用在电脑机房里的电气设备。自从IEC/UL 60950-1不把这样的设备单独划分出来，备用到户外电源机房里的带有基本变压器的分配设备，不用改被用类别好NWGQ认证，自从跟多要求要单独分配系统。这些要求不是IEC/UL60950-1中的一部分。

最近，其他跟通信设备有关的电源分配系统，铁别是跟直流有关的，已经被要求认证许多年前UL建立了产品类别好，QPQY，通信设备的电源分配中心特别是波阔设备的主刺激分配直流中心。这个类别的要求应用于IEC.UL 60950 。但是附加IEC/ul60950 第1801案子，1801案子是被要求的因该IEC/UL60950 不包括所有需要的设备去到到安全结构
事实上，本来是想依照，IEC 61204-7,低电压电源，直流输出，安规要求要被公布出来，包括附录PS-E，UL会取消美国国家标准

充电器/整流器，那些跟直流电源相连，有一些信息设备电源的特征，或许因为相似性被按照QQGQ/2来认证。
小一点的移动式电源插座和电源分配系统特别跟信息设备一起用的，往往类似的电源，但是往往有很高的输入值而且也许有nema 和非NEMA电源输出，通常经过NWGQ/2的认证而且也许继续这样写去依照IEC/UL 60950-1 去考虑这些设备是被认为合适的。

flowme · 发表于 2009-3-26 08:18

亲爱的版主唉，
我发的帖子你们很少跟哪，好坏给句话呀。繁荣本版块这样可不行啊。

雅逸 · 发表于 2009-3-26 08:52

FAQ是什么东西呀?

wwbwww · 发表于 2009-3-26 09:01

提示: 作者被禁止或删除内容自动屏蔽

nemesis · 发表于 2009-5-25 15:55

版主很牛，我们一直想翻译来着~~
可是只有这些吗？
第三章3.3.5翻译了吗？terminal lug必须有ZMVV的listed认证吗？

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