标题: 关于GB14536.1中全断开,微断开,微切断 [打印本页] 作者: limudan2003 时间: 2009-3-30 11:44 标题: 关于GB14536.1中全断开,微断开,微切断 对于像温控器这样的有零\火\地极的,限温器只有零\火极,如何解释全断开,微断开,微切断,望有高手可以用通俗的语言帮忙解释一下,手上有这个标准,但是不能很好的理解,如何区分这三个.作者: 大侠风清扬 时间: 2009-3-30 11:59
全断开 英文为full disconnection，触点在断开后有距离和耐压要求，需要断开L/N但是不包括接地，多相的每相都要断开的。一般认为全断开后，被断开的回路可以触及。7 H" H, x! k1 `4 u
微断开为micro disconnection， 没有距离要求但是耐压要求。一般用来作为main switch : V8 o5 x0 f$ o. |微切断为 micro interruption， 没有距离要求也没有耐压要求，我理解一般用于电子触点吧。作者: ljh809809 时间: 2009-4-4 12:58
IEC 61058-1中的定义：! H7 e0 @- q) U! f1 Z$ A; t3 M* @
cl 3.4.5 8 E' {9 B( P6 a U( Ydisconnection: interruption of an electrical circuit in a pole so as to provide insulation between the supply and those parts intended to be disconnected from the supply 0 M8 J+ q0 b. ]; a7 c, Y3.4.6% n$ Q) P' a4 A% y7 U
micro disconnection: disconnection that provides corrent functional performance by contact separation in the case of long-term temporary overvoltage 6 |4 i( |' q+ M! w$ L3.4.8) i, Q2 ?9 Z1 G0 I; i; @2 F/ m4 I
full disconnection: disconnection that provides correct functional performance by contact separation in the case of short-term and long-term temporary overvoltage and impulse withstand voltage equivalent to basic insulation% r6 ]. T2 l+ e
3.4.9) U. ?& M$ |9 d; r+ i
all-pole disconnection: for sing-phase a.c. appliances and for d.c. appliances, a disconnection of both supply conductors substantially at the same time by a single switching action or, for appliances to be connecte to more than two supply conductiors, a disconnection of all supply conductors, except the earthed conductor substantially at the same time by a single switching action' q5 p) Y. |* h4 n# \0 l
IEC 60730-1中的定义： # D" _/ \ @# f: Kcl 2.4.1* d+ q/ e" ~! K6 y/ r7 R# f+ {
all-pole disconnection（全极断开）: for single-phase a.c. appliances and for d.c. appliances, disconnection of both supply conductors by a single switching action or ,for appliances to be connected be connected to more than two supply conductors, disconnection of all supply conductors, except the earthed (grounded) conductor, by a single switching action.1 @4 q! `, K! u* g9 X
[解读]：全极断开，此处”极“强调的是电源的极，即断开的电源线的极,除了地线以外的所有电源线均需要断开，结合下面cl2.4.2的定义，全极断开是有耐压和距离要求的：至少满足基本绝缘的要求。) J- V9 j. a1 e7 W- `5 g3 ?+ u: e
例子：电源开关如果是同时断开零火线，就需要是全极断开。4 N# c# ?# m! h7 E. E1 j
cl 2..4.2 ; |/ n2 N( ?1 pfull-disconnection(完全断开）: contact separation in all supply poles other than earth so as to provide the equvalent of basic insulation between the supply mains and those parts intended to be disconnected. . s5 x! L1 _ ?, j8 _' @. w7 P3 f# ^There are electric strength and dimensional requirements.# L2 S) |1 k+ t* s2 G
where the number of poles on the control is equal to the number of supply poles of the appliances to which it is connect, full-disconnection provides all-pole disconnection.' O1 }9 }, C L( H
[解读]:完全断开是指控制器或者开关等具有通断功能的装置，其供电端有多少个极就需断开多少个极，并且断开后有耐压和距离的要求：至少满足基本绝缘的要求。 # F6 d, z4 S. Z3 `/ v2 c* S特别是：当此开关装置的极与外部电源的极刚好一致，这时，完全断开就是全极断开。 2 U! [/ d' ~' F; k2 C; q4 V例子：电源开关如果是只断开火线，也就是说只有火线接电源开关的触点，这时就是完全断开。$ l& ^4 ~2 ~" i; M& b" G
但如果此电源开关同时通断零火线，且耐压和距离都满足基本绝缘的要求。这种完全断开实际就是全极断开。 ) [' x% U- f% Q3 H$ A: Ecl 2.4.3 6 T7 `* S% v* ]5 e& |, [micro-disconnection(微断开）: adequate contact separation in at least one pole so as to provide functional * t/ S, s- h2 M4 A: asecurity.8 U, z2 p1 }9 h% g }
There is a requirement for the electric strength of the contact gap but on dimensional requirement.* W6 J6 M7 e W3 r7 z
Micro-disconnection denotes that for non-sensing controls the function controlled by the disconnection is secure, and that for sensing controls is secure between the limits of activating quantity declared in requirement 36 of table 7.2. 3 @" I7 t2 s: g; A[解读]：微断开有耐压的要求，但没有距离的要求。耐压要求是根据正常工作时加在触点上的工作电压决定，如IEC60335-1A2:2006 cl 19.13里有这么一段: after the operation or interruption of a control, clearance and creepage distances across the functional insulation shall withstand the electric strength test of 16.3, the test voltage, however, being twice the working voltage.即微断开后要承受两倍工作电压。 & t9 H9 N5 v1 u7 w例子有thermostat, thermal cut-out, thermal link等。 1 e- N" ?- f, C$ `- b- jmain switch 不能用作微断开，因为它需要耐压和距离的要求。7 n G" N2 K' c3 ` v0 k, J
cl 2.4.4 & a( V( q, {& N4 x
micro-interruption（微中断）: interruption of a circuit by contact separation, by a cycling action or by a non-cycling action which does not provide full-discconection or micro-disconnection. ! H2 Z- e. t$ V- cThere are no electric strength or dimensional requirements for the contact gap.+ c0 D: s& [ O
[解读]：微中断既没有耐压的要求也没有距离的要求，例子有电子开关的通断，功率开关管如mosfet在门极电压有无时的D－S极的通断等。